Does this effect have a name? I'm specifically referencing the iridescent shapes to the lower left of the apple

When a grid's misaligned with another behinnd, that's a moiré

It's called moiré, a form of interference pattern: ~~https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moiré_pattern~~

Edit: not moirè, but rather a form of diffraction grating interference because of the minute differences in distance between the two surfaces.

It is also the why DVDs and CDs have rainbow reflections.

It's not moire...

These are Newtons rings, a different type of optical interference pattern.

It occurs when two transparent sources reflect light in contact.

You get it frequently when trying to scan transparencies using a flatbed scanner too.

Here: Newtons Rings Wikipedia

I think youre bang on with the Newtons Rings, thanks!

I don't know what it's called, but I can tell you it's caused by air being trapped underneath the screen protector. Whoever put it on didn't know to start in the middle and apply pressure outward so you can wipe bubbles toward the edge to remove them.

Or, they were doing a hundred of them and knew they wouldn't have to look at any of them again, so they just threw it on there as fast as they could.

Not a direct answer to your question but the same effect can be used to measure extremely flat objects. Its a pretty cool rabbit hole.

CDs and DVDs have rainbow reflections because the “parallel” (parallel on the scale of the wavelength of light) rows of pits create a diffraction grating.

The rings in the picture are Newton’s Rings, as pointed out in comments. There are a different set of rings for each wavelength of light and since they don’t all line up you get this rainbow effect.

Read the title….

thin film interference

Moire patterns do not cause a prism effect with light.

This happens with any layered glass with a change in refractive index, cause by a layer of plastic or glue. You can see this on car windows at the right angle because they are layered glass and plastic.

Pretty sure it's the prism effect.

Incorrect, but I'm giving you the upvote for the lyrical answer

That's moire.

Literally: wavy visual pattern that happens when two different grid or line layers overlap, when a camera films a fine design, or in a special rippled fabric.

A swole apple with a yoyo.

Amusing that this too involves an apple.

Moiré?

I wonder if it's a polarization effect. Look at it with polarized sunglasses on.

My first guess would be Fresnel diffraction, I guess because of the pattern

not necessarily that specifically, but definitely some form of interference.
As another person pointed out the specific phenomenon is probably Newton's Rings.

Thanks for referencing the [obligatory XKCD] (https://xkcd.com/1814)