If you’re assigned something to read, read it aloud to yourself. This engages not just the internal monologue part of your brain, but speaking and hearing parts, and your brain makes stronger pathways when more senses are engaged and working together.

Don’t buy (eta: or download) flash cards, draw them yourself. This engages sight and abstraction., plus motor skill areas.

Write your own notes, then read them aloud and highlight them yourself. So many parts of your brain make connections by doing this. Don’t just read. That’s not very helpful; you don’t have to study long if you study well.

I think there’s a name for this, but I’m tired and will rely on Cunningham’s whatever.

e: don’t forget about all of your senses – you have way more than 5.

Interesting. Thank you for sharing!

That last paragraph makes this post seem kind of hypocritical doesn't it? Lol

Maybe? Sorry, I undid my edit, and I probably shouldn’t have. After rereading it, I didn’t think it added anything – are you referring to the personal anecdote from that temp edit, or my original comment?

Same principle applies to writing notes by hand vs typing them, for whatever reason people remember things they’ve written significantly better than things they’ve typed.

Writing all over the text you’re reading is also a great way to organize your thoughts! I use Zotero for highlighting and writing notes to myself if I’m reading a bunch of stuff too long to reasonably print.

No need to apologize, I'm only teasing 😛
This is the part I was referring to: "I think there’s a name for this, but I’m tired and will rely on Cunningham’s whatever."

I just thought it was kind of funny you were saying to put more effort into doing things, so to speak, but abruptly ended your post because you were tired.

Oh shit, I also whooshed.

I do this for certification exams. Some of the ones I take are open book tests, so I create an index as I read along with the books. By the time I’m done, I basically compiled multiple books into a <30 page document and at the same time internalized what I’ve read. By the time I take the exam, I barely need to open any of the books and just use my index as reference.

Sources?

I work in kitchens, and so I have to learn new techniques every so often. One thing that I've found that works REALLY well for me is to have an imaginary student that I'm teaching as I'm learning it myself. It forces me to repeat the things I've learned, but also put them in my own words. I can catch on to techniques much more quickly when I'm doing that.

I do this too, not even intentionally, but when something finally clicks I find myself explaining it to myself in my head, in my own words

I’ve mentored people before, and I learned more during that process than during any conferences or seminars.

For years, I bounce things off my cat. She’s learned a lot.

Kinda my own arse?

I raised a full-blown adult, and this is how we did things. He did very well, and played a lot of video games.

I don’t know, but this feels like something so obvious I’d think studies likely show this. If not, I’ll retract. But I’ve seen it work a lot in a bunch of different environments. That’s why I think there should be a name for this. It’s practically a given, but a lot of people don’t seem to know. So YSK.

One of my best highschool teachers taught us this ~25 years ago, basing it on some research his academic wife had done.

The way i heard it was everyone remembers better if they see, hear and speak the information. The whole "i'm a visual learner" thing has no evidence behind it.

Everyone remembers more the more senses they engage.

Yeah, that’s a good strategy.

Back in the day, open book was really rare, so being able to do closed book exams was crucial.

Your method means it doesn’t matter if it’s closed or open, and you can go above and beyond easily with open book. That’s really cool and what I’d want, too.

Yes exactly. I did this with my son when he was young (90s).

This is why I think there’s a name for this – it seems obvious enough for sociologists and psychologists to have looked into it.

Then read it more than once: in your head, then aloud. That’s still worth doing, because it still engages vision, speech, hearing, etc, even if you must read through silently before this to grok it.

I’d still do this anyhow.

Kinda my own arse?

Correct.

this feels like something so obvious I’d think studies likely show this

Surprisingly unscientific attitude from a scifi author.

😆 no worries.

Also, thanks for sharing!

There is actually a mental health analog to this that everyone hates to hear. I'm drunk. Google it.

Stressed tf out bc you manage too much shit all the time? Feel like you have no free time?

ADD MORE SHIT

when you're at capacity, it's horrible. When you exceed capacity you actually stop giving a fuck. That's the tldr anyway.

That’s true. This is a slightly broader method, though.

You still start with your ideal method (read it first), then study by augmenting by adding as many senses as possible: read it out loud to yourself, make flash cards for key definitions/concepts, draw concept, etc.

For people who learn best a certain way, this is meant to supplement, not replace.

I never claimed anything else. Also, the fi in my scifi is there on purpose. :)

Eat the lemon candy while you study and then take the exams

Same here!

The reading out loud tip does worse than nothing for me. On multiple occasions, I've read something out loud to someone else and then had absolutely no idea what I just said. I focus so much on vocalizing the words that I'm diverting power away from the part of my brain that would be processing the meaning of them.

Similar thing for listening to the words without any visual aids - I'm just really not a verbally orientated person at all and do much better when reading/writing the information.

What if we used 100% of the brain?

I think there's a name for this, but I'm tired and will rely on Cunningham's whatever.

You should've made a flash card and read it out loud after highlighting it

If only we used 100% of our hearts

How do I do this when learning piano?

Scarlett Johansson did that once and all that happens is you become a USB hard drive.

Read sheet music while playing (every time, even if you've memorized it), sing or hum the melody aloud, tap the rhythm out with your non-sostenuto foot.

But when you become a living USB stick, you get to talk to dolphins.

I’ve played piano for a very long time, and that is complete nonsense.

Completely unrelated answer, but my way of reading better is writing and drawing on the score, specially the parts that are harder to remember or play.

I see many people reading scores from tablets and that won't work for me.

Slightly related to the topic, do an improv or make up harmony for what you're playing. Because that's stimulating your creative brain, which doesn't get a big work out if you're just playing what's written. Btw in baroque times it was standard to play harpsichord and have a proper time for improv/solo. Classical and romantic music killed that trend.

More related to the topic, shake/headbang or the closest thing to moving/dancing you can do while playing. It's going to be challenging next time you play flight of the bumblebee.

I sometimes let AI create Turkish flashcards for me... and I just manually retype them for this reason, lol.

And I know AI can sometimes make mistakes, but from my experience, it's not a big deal in language learning, because eventually you will notice it, and who doesn't make mistakes when learning a language anyway?

use like 90% of your brain.

Play the piano. Don't just read the music. If youre already playing and reading music, sing. If you're already singing, squeeze your buttocks in time to the music.

Don't just read the paper, smell & lick it too :)))

But in all seriousness, I'll give it a try. It makes sense to activate more of your brain.

Clap some cheeks to the music. Got it

I raised a full-blown adult

You don't look old enough!

Elaborate?

I've always done this. And I've always aced tests, so, highly recommend.

Great advice. I would suggest as you're reading through whatever material you're trying to understand, there are parts that you don't quite "get it". Try to formulate answerable, isolated questions that would help you "get it" or solidify your understanding and try to answer them by re-reading, finding the relevant parts or doing a bit independent research. In general, creating questions to strengthen your understanding is a great way to make learning more like a game and it prevents your mind from feeling frustrated as it wants to understand everything all at once. You just need to answer that one question and for the most part your brain will handle the rest when it comes down to the bigger picture.

Obviously, you need to strike a balance here.

You could chew different flavored sweets too

When did "edit: " become "estimated time of arrival: " ?

No no, disengage entirely. Let chat bots do everything for you. Don't do research, don't try to understand, just copy and paste. Best put your brain in a jar and set it on the nightstand. /s obviously.

I'm seeing this post a bit late, but I feel like I have to weigh in slightly, though it's not my research area.

Note that my information extends more to academic studying, don't know if it's quite as true for learning more physical skills.

The main concept for learning is deeper learning. Which basically just means actually using your brain to think about the material. Things like connecting it to other ideas, pondering different implications, that sort of thing.

The reason flashcards work is because you think about what questions you could ask about the material. The reason you write by hand vs type is because it's slower and you have to think about what's more important or how you'd summarise the information.

I believe reading aloud typically works because it forces you to be slower and more deliberate, giving you time to actually process what you're reading.

That said what you've written is helpful and mostly correct, I'm just not so certain about the framing. It could mislead some people into just rewriting notes while reading them out, for example, which is inefficient and not very helpful for learning.

A very easy-to-read source with practical tips:

• Optimizing Learning in College by Putnam et al. (2016)
  (Look it up on Google scholar for a free pdf)

Also as a final tip, my favourite exam prep technique: do a past paper without having looked at any notes or done any prep. Answer as much as you can just thinking about what you remember. Then go through with notes. It primes your brain for processing and storing the information.

…never?

ETA can mean “edited to add”

it's rubber duck programming, just applied to other disciplines.

Also, do the assignments, and start them the day they're assigned so you're working with the information that's still fresh in your short-term memory. If the prof is working through an example, work through it yourself at the same time.

If the prof gives homework that's not graded, work through as much of it as you have time to the same day. I don't know how many times fellow students struggled with assignments or had to cram for tests because they didn't do the homework right away and the lessons faded from their short-term memory, so they basically forgot everything.